Tchaikovsky Symphony Orchestra of Moscow (BSO)

The Tchaikovsky Symphony Orchestra, also known as the BSO (Большой симфонический оркестр or Grand Symphony Orchestra), was established in 1930 as the official orchestra of the Soviet All-Union Radio network. Its inaugural leader, Alexander Orlov, a brilliant musician and charismatic figure, laid the foundation for the orchestra’s eminent reputation. Under his leadership, the BSO developed a broad and diverse repertoire, firmly establishing itself as a cornerstone of Soviet music.

In 1937, Nikolay Golovanov succeeded Orlov as Chief Conductor. Renowned for his determination and talent, Golovanov elevated the orchestra’s performances to new heights, particularly in Russian music, while also bringing a romantic sensibility to European works. His tenure is remembered as a brilliant chapter in the orchestra’s history.

Alexander Gauk assumed leadership in 1957, bringing his meticulous professionalism to the role. Gauk expanded the BSO’s repertoire to include large-scale works by composers such as Gustav Mahler and Richard Strauss, making him the first Russian conductor to champion these pieces. He also introduced major works by contemporary Soviet composers, including Nikolay Myaskovsky, Aram Khachaturian, and Lev Knipper.

From 1961 to 1974, Gennady Rozhdestvensky served as Chief Conductor. Known for his artistry and virtuosity, Rozhdestvensky enriched the BSO’s repertoire with a mix of celebrated and rarely performed works. During his tenure, many pieces were introduced to audiences for the first time. As travel restrictions eased, Rozhdestvensky led the orchestra on international tours, earning acclaim from European critics.

In 1974, Vladimir Fedoseyev became Artistic Director and Chief Conductor, ushering in an era of remarkable success. Building on the orchestra’s traditions, Fedoseyev broadened its international profile with performances in major cities and prestigious festivals worldwide. The BSO also engaged in outreach initiatives, organising concerts at museums, universities, and cultural venues across Russia.

The BSO’s extensive discography includes recordings of works by Mozart, Beethoven, Tchaikovsky, Brahms, Mahler, and contemporary composers. These recordings, many of historical significance, have been released by Sony, Pony Canyon, JVC, Philips, Relief, Warner Classics & Jazz, and Melodiya.

The orchestra’s activities span nearly the entire globe, yet performances across Russia remain central to its mission. The BSO regularly visits cities such as Smolensk, Volgograd, Cherepovets, Tyumen, Kazan, Kaliningrad, and Yekaterinburg. Its diverse repertoire includes monographic cycles, children’s projects, charity events, and concerts blending music with spoken word.

The BSO has also been instrumental in dispelling the stereotype that Russian orchestras should only perform Russian music abroad. Notably, the orchestra achieved great success with Beethoven’s works, including performances in the composer’s hometown of Bonn and at Vienna’s Golden Hall of the Musikverein, where it became the first Russian orchestra to establish itself as a regular guest. As Dr Thomas Angyan, intendant of the Musikverein, remarked, “Vladimir Fedoseyev, the artistic director of the Tchaikovsky Symphony Orchestra, is one of the great creators who ensure that music remains timeless and ever-relevant.”

The orchestra’s unique sound, celebrated for its melodiousness, brilliance, and technical precision, has earned widespread acclaim. Composer Georgy Sviridov praised the BSO, stating, “The Tchaikovsky Symphony Orchestra is among the very best orchestras I have ever heard. Its inimitable sound, unmatched melodious flavour, and impeccable artistry constitute its distinctive originality.”

Source: Tchaikovsky Symphony Orchestra of Moscow (BSO)